As the first specialized judicial institution established at the highest court level in the world to handle nationwide patent and other technology-related IP appeals, the IP Court is determined to forge ahead, act as a pioneer and explorer for reform, innovate systems and mechanisms, promote informatization, strengthen team capabilities, and take comprehensive and multiple measures to improve the quality and effectiveness of technology-related IP case trials.
Improve the technical fact finding mechanism. First, the IP Court has led the preparation of the “Database of Technical Investigators and Technical Consulting Experts for Chinese Courts,” bringing together more than 360 technical investigators and technical consulting experts from all over the country, covering more than 30 technical fields. These include technical investigators employed by the People’s Courts, as well as technical investigators and technical consulting experts from China National Intellectual Property Administration, scientific and technological enterprises, universities, research institutes working as exchange personnel, part-timers, volunteers, etc., which has helped effectively solve the problems of single source, unbalanced distribution in fields, and insufficient talent supply. Second, the IP Court has established a “Technical Investigation Resource Sharing Mechanism for Chinese Courts,” adopted the Several Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Technical Investigators’ Participation in Legal Proceedings of Intellectual Property Cases, and has promoted the on-demand deployment of technical investigators nationwide or dispatching of technical consulting experts based on the Several Provisions. The sharing mechanism and the database work together to enable technical investigation talents to be dispatched on demand throughout China based on unified deployment, maximizing the effectiveness of existing resources. In July 2019, the IP Court deployed a technical investigator in the mechanical field, at the request of the Intermediate People’s Court of Yinchuan of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, to participate in the trial of a patent infringement case of a “no-tillage double-furrow all-plastic-film mulching and earthing combined machine”. In November 2019, the IP Court, at the request of the Tianjin IP Tribunal, took into account the overall situation with respect to the region, field, personnel, etc., and deployed a technical investigator in the field of biomedicine from the Beijing Intellectual Property Court through the “Database of Technical Investigators and Technical Consulting Experts for Chinese Courts”, to participate in the patent infringement case trial for “1L1RL-1 as a cardiovascular disease marker and therapeutic target”. In December 2019, Nanjing IP Tribunal proactively arranged its technical investigator in the computer software field to facilitate the IP Court in handling of a computer software copyright infringement case, in which the complicated source-code-related facts were correctly ascertained, and hence the parties settled their dispute through mediation in a sound way on the basis of the newly ascertained technical facts. Third, to solve the practical problems that exist, such as the difference in work and knowledge cognition habits of technical investigators, inconsistency in litigation details, and other issues, the IP Court took the lead in organizing three Intellectual Property Courts in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, and the IP Tribunals in Tianjin, Shenzhen, Nanjing, Suzhou, and other places, to jointly compile and publish the Work Manual of Technical Investigators (2019). The manual provides work guidelines and standards for technical investigators of Chinese courts, with respect to ascertaining technical facts.
1.案件数据统计分析
法庭审理的专利民事案件具有以下特点：
（5）管辖案件特点
（5）涉外、涉港澳台案件统计分析
(ii) The legitimate source defense, the prior art defense, and the preemption defense are the most common defenses. Cases where the legitimate source defenses are proposed, account for the largest proportion, and most of the disputes focus on the distribution of burden of proof and the scope of exemption from liability for damages. The prior art defense is relatively arbitrary, and parties who file or present the prior art defense for the first time during the second-instance procedure, account for a large proportion.
第二，新难问题较多。如垄断协议纠纷的管辖是否适用协议中的仲裁条款，共谋达成垄断协议的行为实施地可否作为垄断纠纷的管辖连结点，未起诉销售商的情况下能否将网络平台商作为管辖连结点，确认不侵权案件中专利权人主张的侵权行为实施地可否作为管辖连结点，等等。这些问题反映出，伴随科学技术、商业模式以及维权实践的不断发展，技术类知识产权案件的管辖呈现出日趋复杂与多样化的特点。
第二，建设集信息化终端运用、同步圈画技术、AR技术、语音识别技术与电子签名技术等多项技术于一体的科技法庭。开庭时，法官席的信息化终端与办案系统连通，法官可调阅电子卷宗资料。终端内嵌同步圈画技术，质证过程中，法官和当事人均可通过各自终端用不同颜色的线条、色块在证据上进行标记，实现同步圈画。科技法庭还可运用AR技术，通过AR眼镜的现实增强技术将电路布图等比较微小、结构精密的证据投到大屏上，便于查看细微结构。科技法庭的语音识别技术与电子签名技术，可以将语音转换为文字实时生成庭审记录，并以电子签名代替传统签字，通过一次电子签名即可实现在庭审笔录的每一页均完成签名。
法庭审理的涉植物新品种权案件具有以下特点：第一，涉及的品种与人们日常生活息息相关，如玉米、水稻、蜜柚、花卉等；第二，技术事实的查明难度较大，尤其是“同一性”的判断难度较大；第三，案件涉及的法律问题多元化，如诉讼主体资格、品种权保护范围、合法来源抗辩、侵权赔偿数额等。
第三，审理难度差异大。计算机软件侵权案件中，如果双方对于软件侵权的技术事实争议较大，则往往涉及复杂的源程序比对，审理难度很大；反之则审理难度较低。计算机软件合同案件中，如果合同约定模糊、有关履约标准难以确定，则审理难度较大；反之则审理难度较低。
在法庭审结的446件管辖权异议二审案件中，以维持原审裁判方式结案的有369件，以撤诉方式结案的有56件，以撤改方式结案的有21件，撤改率为4.7%。
第二，合法来源抗辩、现有技术抗辩、先用权抗辩为最常见的抗辩事由。提出合法来源抗辩的案件占比最大，争点多集中在举证责任的分配、免除赔偿责任的范围等方面。现有技术抗辩的提出较为随意，当事人在二审程序中才首次提出该抗辩的案件占有一定比重。
以司法公开为核心，依法充分公开审判信息。法庭依托最高人民法院搭建的中国审判流程信息公开网、中国庭审公开网、中国裁判文书网、中国执行信息公开网等四大公开平台，实现审判流程的全方位公开。在庭审公开方面，法庭以公开、直播为原则，以不公开为例外。案件的庭审过程既可以在互联网上实时观看，也可以庭后登录中国庭审公开网查看录像。重大案件全流程公开，以公开促公正。在裁判文书公开方面，对于依法应予公开的裁判文书，法庭及时通过中国裁判文书网发布。为提升公众对裁判的认知度，法庭制作的裁判文书均附有裁判要点，对案件所涉法律问题、裁判观点、裁判结果均予以简要释明，以清晰、理性的释法阐理让正义讲得明、看得见。
法庭审理的专利行政案件具有以下特点：
the Supreme People’s Court
Third, strengthen exchanges with people from all sectors of society and ensure joint effort by the whole society to protect intellectual property rights. The IP Court aims to bring together smart resources and professionals from all sectors of society of life through communication, to jointly improve the quality and efficiency of judicial protection of intellectual property rights and the overall business environment in China. The IP Court conducts various judicial publicity activities, to welcome people from all walks of life to observe the trials and to have discussions. During the last year, the IP Court hosted 63 groups of a total of more than 970 visitors, including 29 specially appointed supervisors, specially invited consultants, representatives of national and local People’s Congresses and members of the national and local People’s Political Consultative Conference. The IP Court’s research team has held discussions with several scientific and technological innovation companies, and patent and legal service agencies on issues such as the jurisdiction and choice of law in foreign-related patent cases, patent infringement damages, and protection of new plant varieties, and aims to work with all sectors of society to build a great model of intellectual property protection.
第六，加大司法保护力度的导向明显。运用诚信诉讼机制，在拒不履行文书提出命令、故意毁损被保全产品等情形下采取不利于该行为人的事实推定。在审结案件中，权利人胜诉案件占比61.2%。
就案源地区分析，案件排名前十位的分别为北京知识产权法院（376件）、广州知识产权法院（297件）、上海知识产权法院（143件）、南京知识产权法庭（107件）、深圳知识产权法庭（96件）、宁波知识产权法庭（85件）、苏州知识产权法庭（71件）、杭州知识产权法庭（70件）、青岛知识产权法庭（67件）、济南知识产权法庭（53件）。上述数据大致反映出技术类知识产权纠纷在全国的分布情况，并表明：越是经济发达地区，涉技术类知识产权的经济活动越活跃，相关纠纷也越多。
第一，案件类型较为集中。计算机软件案件主要包括合同案件和侵权案件两类。其中，计算机软件合同案件占全部计算机软件案件总量的80%以上。
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